A Harvestfest–Dip into Colorado River Beans with Butternut Chips!

One of the easiest-cooking and most delectable beans of all time (in my beany opinion) is the so-called Colorado River bean. It grows well in the Southwest’s high or low desert and is worth trying in your own garden. We don’t know for sure but its ancestry appears to be from Indigenous communities farther east where it is called “Cut-Short bean.”

I found it grown in Colorado via the NativeSeeds/SEARCH online catalog. A pop-up market at the NSS Conservation Center at River and Alvernon this Saturday, Oct.17 will have it for sale by the pound.

Do take a dip into Colorado River beans. I soak them a full day, drain the water, refill with good drinking water, and cook them slowly in the solar oven to save energy. They also cook relatively fast on stovetop when fully pre-plumped.

When fully cooked and soft, I mash them with my old Raramuri bean masher to a rough but good dip consistency. They are sweet and yummy without any added herbs or spice. For a dip I only add cumin powder, garlic powder, and a touch of spike to taste.

Then…to celebrate this harvest season, I wanted to add something new to the dip party…..

You are in for a surprise treat–with the Three Sisters along–to celebrate a harvest of beans, maize and (tah-dah’) squash!

Pumpkins and squashes are cropping up now everywhere in farmers’ markets and groceries. I’d like to share a simple and fun idea for fixing squashes and pumpkins as dipping chips!

Let’s experiment with some spiced, crisp and nutritious pumpkin chips! My favorite of the pumpkins and squashes is the butternut…..not a native variety but certainly a well-adapted producer in Southwest gardens.

I’m rejoicing in my own butternut squash harvest this year! Isn’t this one a beauty?

To cut consistently thin, long slices of squash, I used the firm center third of my butternut, the sturdy tissue beyond the seed-bearing cavity. (You can use firm tissue of any pumpkin or squash for this. See photos below)

With a super-sharp knife worthy of an Alaskan fisherman, I was able to prepare a cup of wide rectangular strips, perfect to make snacks for two.

I reserved all the non-strip chunks of squash to use in other veggie stews or soups.

As you can see, cutting squash thinly by hand for consistent thickness is virtually impossible. Oh well! That’s what makes them non-commercial–indeed homemade–and it didn’t prove to be a problem with the cooking.

I dredged the strips in a simple mix of olive oil, sea salt and parsley flakes, then set them on a parchment-covered cookie sheet to bake.

Tia Marta’s RECIPE SQUASH OR PUMPKIN DIPPER CHIPS. (makes generous snacks for 2)

INGREDIENTS (super-simple!):

1 – 1 1/4 cup of sliced firm squash or pumpkin tissue of desired shape round, square, rectangular (from any butternut, O’odham ha:l, Magdalena big cheese, zuccini, acorn, Halloween pumpkin….)

1 Tbsp organic cold pressed olive oil

1/2-3/4 tsp sea salt (I used local Sal de Mar, Sea of Cortez salt available from Santa Cruz Chili & Spice Co, Tumacacori, AZ)

spices or flavor sprinkles as desired (e.g.garlic powder, mole powders, curry, chilpotle powder, grated parmesan, cumin)

In addition to the “plain” salt and parsley without topping, I tried three flavor experiments: 1) smoked paprika akin to pimenton from Madrid, 2) chilpotle flakes for a real kick, and 3) Savor Sister Amy’s mole verde mix–all delish, totally different personalities. And the wonderful flavor of the squash came glowingly through with each topping!

Squash Dipper RECIPE DIRECTIONS:

  1. Preheat oven to 400degrees F (200 C)
  2. With sharp knife or vegetable peeler remove squash skin. Cut firm sections of the squash into blocks.
  3. Cut blocks into enough very thin slices to pack 1 cup. Slices should be almost translucent, of any shape large enough to be a dipper (round, square, rectangle).
  4. In mixing bowl, mix sea salt, parsley flakes and olive oil. Add squash slices and stir until each is evenly dredged.
  5. Spread slices onto parchment-covered baking sheets. Sprinkle flavorings on slices before baking, if desired.
  6. Bake in preheated oven until crispy and golden brown, monitoring progress after 10 minutes. Depending on thickness of slices it may take 14-20 minutes.
  7. Crisp up the thicker, flexible chips either in a warming oven, or let them dry to desired crispness on a linen if dry weather.
  8. Enjoy your squash chips with your favorite dip–or by themselves!

No need to fret about “looks.” The thinnest parts of the baking slices will scorch first as the sweetness in the squash caramelizes. And that’s not all bad– The scorched crispy parts taste super-fantastic too!

If you want to be precise, slice with a mechanical vegetable slicer or mandolin. That way your slices will be uniform in thickness and the baking process will be more consistent.

Add some blue corn chips as you serve your squash dippers and your Colorado River bean dip. These Three Sisters will cheer you at your own table. May this trio bless you with their regional harvest fitness and their superb nutrition as you dip in!

Try any pumpkin with today’s recipe, like the lucscious Magdalena big cheese squash which will be available soon at Tucson Village Farm Market on Wednesdays

Above–a harvest of the giant striped cushaw pumpkin Tohono O’odham Ha:l and other winter squashes at Mission Garden

For more inspirational ideas about growing, cooking–even painting–our colorful desert harvests of native pumpkins and squashes, check out the following on this same Savorthesouthwest.blog site or just search with key words “pumpkin” or “squash”:

Sweet Squash Crisp

So Many Pumpkins, So Little Time!

An Artistic Harvest of Desert Foods

Three Sisters for a Holiday Feast

Cushaw Ravioli

Backyard Quail Chicks Hatch

Quail chicks hatched in my aviary! Amy here, with news from my flock. After a year raising Coturnix Quail (C. japonica, a species from Asia and Africa) in my yard, a hen hatched two chicks. Many Coturnix keepers claim they rarely incubate their own eggs, but that’s most likely due to crowded or stressful living conditions. My six birds have 100 square feet, instead of one square foot per bird often suggested. They walk and make dust baths on the earth instead of a wire mesh floor. Although they are ground dwelling birds, the six foot tall ceiling accommodates their occasional “flights”straight up into the air about three feet. But most importantly, they can hide in plants and covered areas.

The hen started incubating a clutch of 11 eggs, some hers and some not hers. The incubation countdown starts for the whole lot when she starts sitting, and takes 16 to 20 days.

While a brooding hen does not lay additional eggs, other hens would sit right beside her to add to the clutch. On day 20, I noticed the first chick! Another on day 21. Chicks do not need to eat for their first few days, but eat on their own when they are dry and strong enough to walk. The hen follows them around and calls them close to sit under her to get warm. This is when I counted the eggs in the abandoned nest: 30! I also observed other hens warming the chicks as they explored the aviary.

The broody hen, as well as other hens and the rooster, showed them how to dig for earthworms. They’re growing quickly.

They sleep sprawled on the ground and definitely look DEAD, but startle awake too fast for me to take a picture.

They’re so much stronger than the chicks raised in an electric incubator. I’ll post an update soon. In the meantime, you can read my first quail post.

As for the fresh eggs, I’ve been pickling them to dress salads. I just tuck hard boiled, peeled eggs into a jar of dill cucumber pickles or in with pickled beets! Just to be extra safe, I eat within a week. That’s easy enough!

Gifts of Winter Greens in the Desert

Indeed we’ve been blessed this cool season by some good rains in the Sonoran Desert–and everywhere there is greenery popping up. Weeds, you say? Let’s take a closer look! As our SavorSister Amy shared earlier this month in her tasty “rocket post”, what may LOOK like weeds are actually the gift of wild greens! Tia Marta here to share more ideas for wondrous weed-collecting.

This sweet 4-petaled “Arizona jewel plant” also known as “silverbells” (Streptanthus carinatus), is an endearing wild native mustard with delightfully good taste and nutrition. Planting silverbells seeds can also make a delicate addition to your own edible landscaping.

Out in the desert and in town you can find great patches of silverbells right now, especially in the shade of other desert shrubs. At times like these when there is such plenty (with thanks on our lips for these edibles), we can feel some assurance that harvesting a little for our family will still leave lots for other desert creatures and seeds for a future winter.

Silverbells isn’t spicy–no picante bite like the introduced London rocket or mature arugala–…and every above-ground part is flavorful —fresh right off the plant!

To my palate, its symmetrical little urn-shaped flowers even have a slight sweetness.,..

A taste of its flower can be like a communion.

Silverbells’ near-succulent leaf is a perfect addition tossed fresh in a salad. You can see the thickness of the juicy leaf in this cross-section view.

….And silverbells’ young green pods are delectably, “vegetally sweet.” Enjoy them fresh and raw, because, (alert!), with stir-frying the pods suddenly become bitter. They’re best used fresh to bedeck a salad.

Silverbells is a Brassica, that is, in the cole-family of highly nutritious vegetables. Besides in a fresh mixed salad, my favorite way to enjoy their nutrition (high Ca, vit.A and C, folates) is in a veggie stir-fry. I have added the greens last in this tofu stir-fry. Can you spot the silverbell flowers I topped this dish with?

Here’s another “weed”–my very favorite, but very rare–which my O’odham mentor showed me years ago–opon i:wagĭ. Known in Spanish as patota, and in English by the truly misleading term “poverty weed,” it only comes up in certain years with winter rains at just the right times and in right amounts. She led me to harvest in corrals and roadsides on the poorest soils, and there appeared these patches of flat-lying rosettes of small thick leaves, so unassuming. Not very noticeable but worth noticing!

This season, see if you can find some opon i:wagĭ out there in degraded sandy soils! It is easy to dig up the whole plant. Cut off its tap root and steam the little green spinach-like leaves. The best dish my teacher ever cooked for us was opon i:wagĭ fried with i’itoi’s onions in a little bacon drippings. I thank her in my heart for sharing her desert knowledge, to alert us to keep looking and watching for the next surprising desert rain-gifts.

Wild Rocket Risotto

Have you seen an area like this recently?

Wonderful! Amy here, celebrating the yellow flowered wild mustards growing my yard and in the desert. Sisymbrium irio grows in dry, disturbed soil around the world but is orginally from the Middle East, southern Europe and northen Africa. One of its names, London Rocket, supposedly refers to how it uncharacteristically took over there after the Great Fire of 1666. (It loves disturbed soil, in my garden or elsewhere!) Arugula, another mustard family plant also known as rocket, has big white flowers and is actually classified as different genius.

Of course the leaves are edible and tender on the short, young basal rosettes. But the small leaves on the tall, flowering plants are suprisingly tender. The flavor of the leaves from mature plants is spicier, but I think it has more to do with the warming weather of the season as the plants mature. The seeds are edible too but are much smaller than commercial mustard seeds and are difficult to harvest.

Instead of triple washing, I like to wash once really well, where the wash water going to the garden. After swirling in plenty of water, I lift the leaves out of the water by hand and drain.

Wild rocket has countless possibilities in the kitchen. The leaves make a spicy salad or garnish on a sandwich, like arugula. My favorite way to enjoy it is wilted into a risotto. Homemade chicken broth (from the freezer) and a splash of wine make it special.

I start by browning rinsed aborio rice, onion and garlic in olive oil.

For traditional risotto with the creamiest texture, add hot broth a little at a time and stir constantly. For the easiest risotto, I just add plenty of broth and simmer slowly in a heavy pot with a lid. Three times the volume of liquid to rice is usually where I start.

When the rice is tender, I remove the pot from the heat and fold in the whole little leaves. Sprinkle with any cheese, in this case a dry and salty fresh goat cheese. Enjoy right away or at room temperature on a picnic.

Depending on temperature and moisture, we might be eating wild rocket for a couple more months into the spring. What other dishes do you like to make with wild rocket?

Pods to Meal to Cookies at home, TODAY!

Hello friends, Amy here with a baked good I made last week. I wanted to bring treats to share with my friends, something we could nibble while we passed the break table. And if no one had to wash plates, forks or spoons, that was a bonus. My people truly delight in cooking, hadn’t had anything mesquite in ages, and I wanted to impress. After considering my options for a month, I suddenly realized… that’s this afternoon!!!

Drought makes for patchy harvesting, but I had a stash of pods. The trick to making HOME grinding work, especially in humid weather, is to toast the pods RIGHT before grinding. No community mesquite pod milling event near you? Need that mesquite meal TODAY? No problem!

I baked in a thin layer at about 275 degrees F with convection for maybe 5 minutes. Try longer if you don’t use or have a fan. It should smell sweeeeet. I opted to not develop any golden color, but that’s an option!

After cooling JUST enough to handle easily, I tossed the pods into a high powered blender. A regular blender or food process does not suffice. Without the last minute toasting, grinding makes a paste in there. This of course is an issue with any mesquite meal grinding method, but expecially for the blender or stone tools.

Unbelievablly, it only takes a few pulses.

Any fine sieve or a flour sifter can remove the meal form the hard bits of unground pod and seed. Any grinding method will require this step, even hammer mills.

Sifting is even faster than grinding, depending on the size of the holes and quanity of mesquite meal needed.

To show off this flour, I impulsively chose a simple recipe from this small out of print book. However, you can purchase the huge current edition!

Chocolate chip cookies! I had a half bag of chocolate chips and pecans on hand, and chocolate with mesquite is classic. In case my butter spent too much time in the freezer, I doubled the vanilla. No brown sugar in sight, but a gallon of mollassas to use up.

I love making my notes in hard copy cookbooks, and reading the kitchen culture from long gone relatives in their books. And the bookmarks that are labels from my friends’ gifted food creations are my kind of treasures.

I baked these chocolate chip oatmeal mesquite pecan cookies until just barely set, let them finish cooling in transit, and served them chewy with the chocolate still melted. I’m sure they would not tolerate stacking. Some were full sized, the others bit sized. None were leftover.

Happy autumn!

Little Backyard Eggs

Hi friends, Amy here. Years ago, chickens free ranged my entire backyard and roosted in the trees. However, my current neighborhood has red tailed hawks and striped skunks so I knew any domesticated birds here would need a fortress. Instead of making an enormous chicken enclosure, I opted to try smaller birds that wouldn’t feel so cramped in an aviary. Coturnix quail, Eurasian domesticated birds, are often raised for eggs and meat in tiny cages like rabbit hutches. So in my 100 square foot and six foot tall enclosure, a dozen of them scurry under plants, bathe in the dust and fly as well as they can. Also, since the rooster’s crow is not very loud, they don’t bother sleeping human neighbors. City dwelling roosters!

I started in late winter/early spring with two week old chicks raised locally. When the days grew long enough (almost 14 hours) at 11 weeks old, they stated laying.

Just like with free range chickens, every day is an egg hunt.

The shells are brittle but the membrane below is very tough. Quail egg scissors help make a clean break and keep frustrating fragments out of the dish.

About 4 quail eggs equal a large chicken egg.

They taste the same but definitely have more yolk to white than a chicken egg. Sometimes I enjoy the raw yolks with homemade kimchi and rice.

Hard boiling only takes 4 minutes!

That tough membrane under the shell makes them easy to peel.

These deviled eggs are topped with rosemary leaves and chuparosa (Justicia californica) flowers. I don’t bother to make mayonnaise, I just mix the yolks with olive oil, Dijon mustard, and salty preserved lemon.

Raising these birds was a long time coming for me. Here’s hoping some of your dreams come true!

Cushaw Ravioli

Hello friends, Amy here, with a BIG cushaw winter squash. For starters, it’s beautiful. Farmer Frank of Crooked Sky Farms has been sending Tucson CSA huge and tiny pumpkins and winter squashes for 20 years. People often ask us what to do with them. Well, twelve months a year I always have frozen winter squash in the freezer, ready for soup, pie, pumpkin bread and now ravioli.

Start by dropping on the patio until it cracks open. Big ones break more easily but sometimes little ones need to be slammed. This is much safer and easier than taking a cleaver to it.

Then I pry it open with my hands and scoop out the seeds, saving them for planting or eating.

Place the pieces on a cookie sheet and bake uncovered at 350 F until a fork pierces the flesh easily and some of the moisture in the fruit evaporates. The flesh can be scooped out of the hard skin varieties with a big spoon or the skin can sometimes be trimmed off with a knife.

The flesh whizzed in a food processor or blender is pleasantly smooth. If I want texture, I add nuts to sweet creations or sautéed onion to savory concoctions. Stringy mashed squash turns many people away from the “mushy” vegetable entirely.

This cushaw squash was SO sweet and flavorful! If it wasn’t, I’d add a bit of sugar and salt to taste. This squash puree was thicker than normal, so I did not need to drain it. (It is critical to drain squash destined for pie or empanadas. Squash is very perishable, so I place the colander full of puree and bowl catching the liquid in the refrigerator. Don’t toss the liquid! It’s so good in a squash or vegetable soup.)

My uncle recently gave me a pasta roller attachment for the stand mixer and a ravioli press. I already own a hand crank roller that requires 3 hands to operate, and hasn’t been used in years. But inspired by the new toys, I wanted to put sweet, plentiful winter squash puree in ravioli.

Plus, I love food cooked in tiny edible parcels, like empanadas, stuffed grape leaves, cabbage rolls, spring rolls, pot stickers, samosas and floutas (taquitos)… What are your favorites?

I tried different ravioli dough recipes with varying amounts of egg, water and olive oil, and everything I tried worked. It’s forgiving! But I liked the logic in this one, using a cup of all purpose flour, half a teaspoon salt, and egg and two yolks. I worked it on the countertop by hand and after an hour rest, I started to roll.

Apparently some home cooks use a machine to knead the dough, and some roll it out by hand. It’s forgiving! Basically, start the thickest roller setting and roll the dough through a few times before adjusting the setting a notch thinner.

This is easy but not fast!

The form presses the thin dough into wells to hold a tablespoon of filling. I dabbed water along the seams to encourage better sealing, just in case. With the top sheet of dough covering the filling, it was easy to seal and perforate by using a rolling pin over the top.

This gimmicky looking tool is efficient! Dusted with flour and resting in a single layer, they are tidy, symmetrical and well sealed.

Cooking for three minutes in gently boiling water, it’s amazing they stay sealed.

With the filling of unadorned sweet cushaw squash, dressing the finished product in various combinations of butter, olive oil, garlic, thyme, black pepper and hard cheese was delicious. My aunt fried some with tons of garlic until browned… oh my.

But my favorite way was just butter, salt and pepper, letting the sweet cushaw shine.

Welcome to 2025

Savor Sisters (from left) Emily Rockey, Amy Valdes Schwemm, Martha Burgess, and Carolyn Niethammer gather to plan out the Savor year. We sampled a mesquite apple cake that may show up in a post.

As the Savor the Southwest blog enters its 13th year, we are so grateful to you, our readers, for following along and indulging us as we share our love of the flavors of the Southwest using both wild and cultivated plants.  During those years we have entered 370 posts sharing recipes for everything from Christmas cookies (mesquite gingerfolk, anyone?) to how to cook quince. Our readers hail from nine foreign countries as well as the United States. 

This year, we are thrilled to welcome a new Savor Sister, Emily Rockey. Emily has worked as a professional gardener for public gardens including most recently Tucson’s historic Mission Garden. Now as she returns to the university to learn even more about the soil that supports both wild and cultivated plants, she has time to share with us her expertise and creativity. Read her full bio on the Authors page. She has already shared her method for making prickly pear wine in a guest post last year. From now on she will be a regular and we are thrilled to welcome her. 

No roll crackers

Hi friends, it’s true, crackers without the rolling. Amy here sharing this week’s iteration of this miracle recipe I found online. It all started with an abundance of oats…

A friend gifted me many pounds of organic rolled oats. Searching for inspiration to use them, I found Camilla’s Easy No-Roll Oat Crackers ( vegan, oil free, GF). It is a brilliant recipe that I’ve been making often these last few weeks since I discovered it. Besides oats, they contain seeds or mix of seeds. Sunflower makes particularly good crackers but branching out, I remembered Carolyn’s Black Beauty Wafers using saguaro seed. The seeds are strained out when making a syrup so those are a brilliant way to use the seed.

In June, the birds get the first feast of saguaro fruit. If there is more ripening fruit than the birds eat, it falls the ground, often sun dried and intensely concentrated, where I can easily harvest it without poking the plant. No need for a pole!

The ground animals get to feast first before the humans, of course, so we waited. But ripe fruit spoils in the rain, and I would never complain about glorious rain! So this year wasn’t the best saguaro fruit harvest for humans. (below, note the mesquite leaflets for scale)

I had some oooold fruit stored in the pantry so I decided to use the whole fruit instead of just the seeds.

I soaked it in water to soften it.

And blended it enough to grind the seeds. Then I added the oats, salt, baking powder and oil.

The batter is poured onto a greased half sheet pan (or even a bit larger pan to make crackers just a bit thinner).

Instead of rolling the dough, it just needs to be smooth!

I prefer to add just a touch of salt to the batter so I can sprinkle a decent amount on top. I ground my best Mexican sea salt for this.

Then I sprinkled with saguaro seed.

After baking for ten minutes, the crackers can be scored before returning to the oven to finish.

After baking with careful supervision, this batch got darker from the sugar in the saguaro fruit than other batches. A hit of sweetness and delicious! Next time I’ll use a slightly larger yet pan so they are a little thinner. The thinner ones are crispier and more delicate. But think or thin, they are easy to enjoy with spreads, alongside a salad or on their own as a trail snack. Enjoy!

For the recipe, see Camilla’s post on her blog powerhungry.com

Instead of seeds, I added the equivalent weight of dry saguaro fruit. I added a quarter cup of olive oil and reduced the water by that amount. I used approximately 1 teaspoon of coarse sea salt divided between the batter and sprinkled on top with the saguaro seeds. Experiment and have fun!

Savory Wolfberry Amaranth Balls

Hello friends, Amy here enjoying another great year for the wolfberry bush (Lycium fremontii …I think) in my yard. Tucson’s native species of the Chinese goji berry, they are similarly packed with antioxidants and health benefits. In the tomato family, it’s called tomatillo in Spanish, not to be confused in size, shape, color or taste to the garden variety of husked ground cherries that go by that name. Wolfberries taste somewhat like tomatoes and work well in sweet and savory dishes, when I manage to harvest more than I eat raw from the bush. Thriving on only rainwater, one huge plant produces plenty of fruit for me and the resident phainopeplas.

Inspired by this recipe for millet balls, I used fresh wolfberries in place of dried Turkish barberries.

It was delicious! It reminded me of falafel, crispy on the outside and grainy on the inside. A simple cilantro, garlic, lemon juice, olive oil chutney complimented them perfectly.

So the next time, I decided to use amaranth seeds. I bought this from the store, but you can harvest your own from wild or cultivated plants in the late summer if you’re ambitious.

I toasted them in oil until they became a shade darker and a few of them popped open.

I added water, three times the volume of amaranth seed, and cooked in the solar oven until it was creamy. Then I mixed in fresh wolfberries and enough flour to make a soft dough.

The dough was muuuuch stickier, so I added significantly more flour than for the millet balls and still they looked shaggy. (I used all purpose wheat flour but next time will try amaranth flour).

The toasted flavor came though and I’m glad the only seasoning I used was salt and wolfberries. The dough certainly didn’t need any egg or flax egg to hold together! They baked up just as well as the millet version, but with the texture of a cookie. Next I’ll try them sweetened!

I served them with a lemon pickle but that tomatillo salsa would be good. I took the rest to a picnic among the wildflowers. Happy spring!

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